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So, you've decided to download an older version of Mac OS X. There are many reasons that could point you to this radical decision. To begin with, some of your apps may not be working properly (or simply crash) on newer operating systems. Also, you may have noticed your Mac's performance went down right after the last update. Finally, if you want to run a parallel copy of Mac OS X on a virtual machine, you too will need a working installation file of an older Mac OS X. Further down we'll explain where to get one and what problems you may face down the road.
A list of all Mac OS X versions
We'll be repeatedly referring to these Apple OS versions below, so it's good to know the basic macOS timeline.
Cheetah 10.0 | Puma 10.1 | Jaguar 10.2 |
Panther 10.3 | Tiger 10.4 | Leopard 10.5 |
Snow Leopard 10.6 | Lion 10.7 | Mountain Lion 10.8 |
Mavericks 10.9 | Yosemite 10.10 | El Capitan 10.11 |
Sierra 10.12 | High Sierra 10.13 | Mojave 10.14 |
Catalina 10.15 |
STEP 1. Prepare your Mac for installation
Given your Mac isn't new and is filled with data, you will probably need enough free space on your Mac. This includes not just space for the OS itself but also space for other applications and your user data. One more argument is that the free space on your disk translates into virtual memory so your apps have 'fuel' to operate on. The chart below tells you how much free space is needed.
Note, that it is recommended that you install OS on a clean drive. Next, you will need enough disk space available, for example, to create Recovery Partition. Here are some ideas to free up space on your drive:
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- Uninstall large unused apps
- Empty Trash Bin and Downloads
- Locate the biggest files on your computer:
Go to Finder > All My Files > Arrange by size
Then you can move your space hoggers onto an external drive or a cloud storage.
If you aren't comfortable with cleaning the Mac manually, there are some nice automatic 'room cleaners'. Our favorite is CleanMyMac as it's most simple to use of all. It deletes system junk, old broken apps, and the rest of hidden junk on your drive.
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.4 - 10.8 (free version)
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.9 (free version)
Download CleanMyMac for OS 10.10 - 10.14 (free version)
STEP 2. Get a copy of Mac OS X download
Normally, it is assumed that updating OS is a one-way road. That's why going back to a past Apple OS version is problematic. The main challenge is to download the OS installation file itself, because your Mac may already be running a newer version. If you succeed in downloading the OS installation, your next step is to create a bootable USB or DVD and then reinstall the OS on your computer.
How to download older Mac OS X versions via the App Store
If you once had purchased an old version of Mac OS X from the App Store, open it and go to the Purchased tab. There you'll find all the installers you can download. However, it doesn't always work that way. The purchased section lists only those operating systems that you had downloaded in the past. But here is the path to check it:
- Click the App Store icon.
- Click Purchases in the top menu.
- Scroll down to find the preferred OS X version.
- Click Download.
This method allows you to download Mavericks and Yosemite by logging with your Apple ID — only if you previously downloaded them from the Mac App Store.
Without App Store: Download Mac OS version as Apple Developer
If you are signed with an Apple Developer account, you can get access to products that are no longer listed on the App Store. If you desperately need a lower OS X version build, consider creating a new Developer account among other options. The membership cost is $99/year and provides a bunch of perks unavailable to ordinary users.
Nevertheless, keep in mind that if you visit developer.apple.com/downloads, you can only find 10.3-10.6 OS X operating systems there. Newer versions are not available because starting Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.7, the App Store has become the only source of updating Apple OS versions.
Purchase an older version of Mac operating system
You can purchase a boxed or email version of past Mac OS X directly from Apple. Both will cost you around $20. For the reason of being rather antiquated, Snow Leopard and earlier Apple versions can only be installed from DVD.
Buy a boxed edition of Snow Leopard 10.6
Get an email copy of Lion 10.7
Get an email copy of Mountain Lion 10.8
The email edition comes with a special download code you can use for the Mac App Store. Note, that to install the Lion or Mountain Lion, your Mac needs to be running Snow Leopard so you can install the newer OS on top of it.
How to get macOS El Capitan download
If you are wondering if you can run El Capitan on an older Mac, rejoice as it's possible too. But before your Mac can run El Capitan it has to be updated to OS X 10.6.8. So, here are main steps you should take:
1. Install Snow Leopard from install DVD.
2. Update to 10.6.8 using Software Update.
3. Download El Capitan here.
'I can't download an old version of Mac OS X'
If you are signed with an Apple Developer account, you can get access to products that are no longer listed on the App Store. If you desperately need a lower OS X version build, consider creating a new Developer account among other options. The membership cost is $99/year and provides a bunch of perks unavailable to ordinary users.
Nevertheless, keep in mind that if you visit developer.apple.com/downloads, you can only find 10.3-10.6 OS X operating systems there. Newer versions are not available because starting Mac OS X Snow Leopard 10.7, the App Store has become the only source of updating Apple OS versions.
Purchase an older version of Mac operating system
You can purchase a boxed or email version of past Mac OS X directly from Apple. Both will cost you around $20. For the reason of being rather antiquated, Snow Leopard and earlier Apple versions can only be installed from DVD.
Buy a boxed edition of Snow Leopard 10.6
Get an email copy of Lion 10.7
Get an email copy of Mountain Lion 10.8
The email edition comes with a special download code you can use for the Mac App Store. Note, that to install the Lion or Mountain Lion, your Mac needs to be running Snow Leopard so you can install the newer OS on top of it.
How to get macOS El Capitan download
If you are wondering if you can run El Capitan on an older Mac, rejoice as it's possible too. But before your Mac can run El Capitan it has to be updated to OS X 10.6.8. So, here are main steps you should take:
1. Install Snow Leopard from install DVD.
2. Update to 10.6.8 using Software Update.
3. Download El Capitan here.
'I can't download an old version of Mac OS X'
If you have a newer Mac, there is no physical option to install Mac OS versions older than your current Mac model. For instance, if your MacBook was released in 2014, don't expect it to run any OS released prior of that time, because older Apple OS versions simply do not include hardware drivers for your Mac.
But as it often happens, workarounds are possible. There is still a chance to download the installation file if you have an access to a Mac (or virtual machine) running that operating system. For example, to get an installer for Lion, you may ask a friend who has Lion-operated Mac or, once again, set up a virtual machine running Lion. Then you will need to prepare an external drive to download the installation file using OS X Utilities.
After you've completed the download, the installer should launch automatically, but you can click Cancel and copy the file you need. Below is the detailed instruction how to do it.
STEP 3. Install older OS X onto an external drive
The following method allows you to download Mac OS X Lion, Mountain Lion, and Mavericks.
Calimero Os Mac Os X 10 6 8 Download
- Start your Mac holding down Command + R.
- Prepare a clean external drive (at least 10 GB of storage).
- Within OS X Utilities, choose Reinstall OS X.
- Select external drive as a source.
- Enter your Apple ID.
Now the OS should start downloading automatically onto the external drive. After the download is complete, your Mac will prompt you to do a restart, but at this point, you should completely shut it down. Now that the installation file is 'captured' onto your external drive, you can reinstall the OS, this time running the file on your Mac.
- Boot your Mac from your standard drive.
- Connect the external drive.
- Go to external drive > OS X Install Data.
Locate InstallESD.dmg disk image file — this is the file you need to reinstall Lion OS X. The same steps are valid for Mountain Lion and Mavericks.
How to downgrade a Mac running later macOS versions
Calimero Os Mac Os X
If your Mac runs macOS Sierra 10.12 or macOS High Sierra 10.13, it is possible to revert it to the previous system if you are not satisfied with the experience. You can do it either with Time Machine or by creating a bootable USB or external drive.
Instruction to downgrade from macOS Sierra
Instruction to downgrade from macOS High Sierra
Instruction to downgrade from macOS Mojave
Instruction to downgrade from macOS Catalina
Before you do it, the best advice is to back your Mac up so your most important files stay intact. In addition to that, it makes sense to clean up your Mac from old system junk files and application leftovers. The easiest way to do it is to run CleanMyMac X on your machine (download it for free here).
Visit your local Apple Store to download older OS X version
Os Mac 10.9 Update
If none of the options to get older OS X worked, pay a visit to nearest local Apple Store. They should have image installations going back to OS Leopard and earlier. You can also ask their assistance to create a bootable USB drive with the installation file. So here you are. We hope this article has helped you to download an old version of Mac OS X. Below are a few more links you may find interesting.
Calimero | |
---|---|
Calimero character | |
Calimero poster showing two of the main characters. | |
First appearance | Carosello |
Created by | Nino Pagot Toni Pagot Ignazio Colnaghi |
Voiced by | Ignazio Colnaghi Davide Garbolino (2013-present) |
In-universe information | |
Species | Chick |
Gender | Male |
Origin | Italy |
Calimero | |
カリメロ (Karimero) | |
---|---|
Anime television series | |
Directed by | Yugo Serikawa |
Studio | Organizzazione Pagot Toei Animation |
Original network | RAI (1963–1972) NET (now TV Asahi) (1972–1975) |
Original run | July 14, 1963 – September 30, 1975 |
Episodes | 47 |
Anime television series | |
Directed by | Tsuneo Tominaga, Shigeru Ueda |
Music by | Junnosuke Yamamoto |
Studio | Toei Animation |
Original network | TV Tokyo |
Original run | October 15, 1992 – September 9, 1993 |
Episodes | 52 |
Anime television series | |
Studio | Gaumont Animation |
Original network | TV Tokyo |
Original run | October 7, 2013 – September 25, 2016 |
Episodes | 104 |
Anime and manga portal |
Calimero is an Italian animated television series about a charming, but hapless anthropomorphizedchicken; the only black one in a family of yellow chickens.[1] He wears half of his egg shell still on his head. Calimero originally appeared on the Italian television show Carosello on July 14, 1963, and soon became a popular icon in Italy.
The characters were created by the animation studio Organizzazione Pagot and originated as a series of animated advertisements for Miralanza AVA soap products shown throughout Italy. The creators of the main character were Nino Pagot, Toni Pagot and Ignazio Colnaghi.[2] At the end of each episode, it turns out that Calimero is not actually black, but only very dirty, and becomes white after being washed by the advertised soap products.
The characters were later licensed in Japan as an anime series twice, titled Calimero (カリメロ, Karimero). The first was made by Toei Animation and ran from October 15, 1972 to September 30, 1975, and the second, with new settings and characters, was made in 1992. Altogether, 99 Japanese episodes were made (47 in the 1972 Toei series, and 52 in the 1992 Toei series). The series mostly consists of the many adventures of Calimero and his friends as they solve mysteries and make documentaries. However, their adventures usually get them into quite a bit of trouble. The second series was never renewed for a second season. English dubbed versions for the first two anime series were never officially released, though dubbed pilot episodes do exist. However, the series did come out in other languages. The original 1970's shorts and the third CGI series were released in English however. The first series was also broadcast on European networks such as TROS (Netherlands and Belgium), ZDF and RTL II (Germany) or TVE (Spain).
A third animation series about the character, in computer animation, premiered in TF1 in 2013. The production team includes France's Gaumont Animation, rights owner Calidra, Italy's Studio Campedelli and Japanese partners TV Tokyo and Kodansha. The series is expected to be aired in several other TV channels.[2]
Characters[edit]
1974 series[edit]
- Calimero (カリメロ) – The hero of the show. Calimero is voiced by Katsue Miwa.[3]
- Priscilla (プリシラ) – Calimero's girlfriend, a shy bird with common sense. Priscilla is voiced by Michiko Nomura.[3]
- Peter Jobatta (ピーター ジョバッタ, Papero Piero in the Italian original spot) – Peter is voiced by Kaneta Kimotsuki.[3]
- Buta (ブータ) – Buta is voiced by Masako Nozawa.[3]
- Deppa (デッパ) – Deppa is voiced by Sachiko Chijimatsu.[3]
- Calimero's mother (カリメロの母, Cesira in the Italian original spot) – Calimero's mother is voiced by Masako Nozawa.[3]
- Calimero's father (カリメロの父, Gallettoni in the Italian original spot) – Calimero's father is voiced by Ken'ichi Ogata.[3]
- Mr. Owl (フクロウ先生) – Mr. Owl is voiced by Jōji Yanami.[3]
1992 series[edit]
- Calimero – Calimero is voiced by Shinobu Adachi.[3]
- Priscilla – Priscilla is voiced by Akemi Okamura.[3]
- Peter (ピーター) – Peter is voiced by Akirasa Ōmori.[3]
- Giuliano (Peanut in English dub pilot) (ジュリアーノ) – Giuliano is voiced by Yūji Ueda.[3]
- Susie (スージー) – a wealthy girl duck. Susie is voiced by Natsumi Sasaki.[3]
- Roshita (ロシータ) – Roshita is voiced by Hiroko Kasahara.[3]
- Pepe (ペペ) – Pepe is voiced by Masashi Ebara.[3]
2014 series[edit]
- Calimero - Voiced by: Fanny Bloc (French) / Ayaka Asai (Japanese)
- Priscilla -Voiced by: Naïke Fauveau (French) / Rumi Ōkubo (Japanese)
- Giuliano (Valeriano in UK English dub)- Voiced by Georges de Vitis (French) / Kokoro Kikuchi (Japanese)
- Peter (Pierrot in UK English dub) - Voiced by: Pascal Sellem (French) / Tōru Sakurai (Japanese)
- Susie - Voiced by: Ren Kato (Japanese)
- Pepe - Voiced by: Tōmoyuki Maruyama (Japanese)
Mobile game[edit]
A mobile game titled Calimero's Village was released for iOS and Android in 2015 by Bullipix.
Impact in popular culture[edit]
The main character in the anime series has had a lasting impact in the vocabulary of some countries, either because of his looks, with an egg shell on his head, or because of his frequent complaining about being unfairly treated by others:
- Calimero is the name and subject of a Welsh language song by the band Super Furry Animals[4]
- French singer Brigitte Fontaine collaborated with the band Stereolab on a song of the same name[5]
- In the Netherlands and Belgium, the term 'Calimerocomplex [nl]' is used to denote people who are staunchly convinced that their position as an underdog is due to their smaller size, either literally or symbolically, which covers up for their own shortcomings. Often the character's lines from the show are cited, 'They are big and I is [sic] small and that is not fair, oh no!' (translated back from Dutch, with intentional error).[6]
- The slang nickname during the 1970s and 1980s for military policemen in the Israeli Army was Calimero, due to their egg-shaped white helmet; the same was the case in Spain,[7] where calimero was also a name for a type of helmet for motorbikers.[8]
References[edit]
- ^Crump, William D. (2019). Happy Holidays—Animated! A Worldwide Encyclopedia of Christmas, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa and New Year's Cartoons on Television and Film. McFarland & Co. p. 38. ISBN9781476672939.
- ^ abMcLean, Tom (January 27, 2014). 'New 'Calimero' Series to Premiere on France's TF1'.
- ^ abcdefghijklmnoカリメロアニメ紹介 (in Japanese). Chara Pit. Retrieved December 17, 2010.
- ^The lyrics in Welsh say 'Calimero wyt ti'n gwisgo wy ar dy ben' (Calimero you're wearing an egg on your head)
- ^The lyrics in French say 'Je suis Caliméro, le vilain poussin noir' ('I'm Calimero, the naughty black chicken').
- ^Otte, Anja (5 May 2009). 'Calimero'. Flanders Today. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
- ^Juan Gómez Capuz: El argot de los soldados de reemplazo: aspectos lexico-semánticos, lexicogenésicos y fraseológicos. (In Spanish)
- ^ABC newspaper: Adiós al «casco calimero» (In Spanish)
External links[edit]
- Calimero (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
- Calimero 1992 (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia